View source for AquaStop – reliable protection against water damage

[[File:1985 aquastop Siemens.jpg|thumb|Overview of the AquaStop system. (Source: Siemens Corporate Archives)]]
In the 1970s, virtually every household in Germany had a washing machine, and many kitchens also contained a dishwasher. At the same time, there was also an increase in water damage caused by washing machines and dishwashers.<ref>Ernst Stickel: Spülchronik, 2nd Edition, 2011 s.l., from page 114</ref> The operating instructions were clearly formulated and also legally unambiguous: Washing machines and dishwashers were only allowed to be operated under supervision. What's more, the faucet had to be turned off once the washing or dishwashing cycle was finished.<ref>Stickel: Spülchronik, page 114.</ref> Many users did not observe this particular instruction in practice, with the faucet often being difficult to even reach in the base cabinet. When water damage occurred, it was frequently difficult to ascertain whether it was caused by a faulty appliance or negligence on the part of the user. BSH<ref>BSH was founded in 1967 as Bosch-Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH - BSHG for short. In 1998, the name was changed to BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH, with the short form BSH. Since the sale of the Siemens shares in BSH to Robert Bosch GmbH the company’s name is now BSH Hausgeräte GmbH, but still BSH for short.</ref> was very concerned about the growing level of damage caused by home appliances. It was even sued by insurance companies in some cases of damage.

The proverbial straw that broke the camel's back was a claim by a director of a ball bearing factory in Schweinfurt, whose BSH dishwasher sprung a leak and damaged the finest carpets.<ref>Stickel: Spülchronik, page 114.</ref>

By the way, most of the information in this article comes from former BSH employee Ernst Stickel. [[Interview with Ernst Stickel|The BSH Wiki Team interviewed him]] about his time as a design engineer at BSH.

===== First development step – the base tray =====
Developers at BSH looked for new solutions to the problem. An initial milestone was reached in 1979 with the development of a base tray with safety system to protect against leaks. A safety valve closed the water inlet in the appliance, for example, if too much water collected in the inner container or if a float gage in the appliance's newly integrated base tray reported water.<ref>Corporate Archives, C01-0095, Bosch Dishwashers 1986 (brochure), page 3.</ref> The supply hose and faucet still posed problems, however, as they were still unsecured.

===== Automatic faucet system WASA =====
The engineers at BSH developed the automatic faucet system, WASA for short, in response. The water supply hose was sheathed by a second hose in this case, which was used to redirect the water to the base tray in the event of a leak.<ref>Corporate Archives, C01-0095, Bosch Dishwashers 1985 (brochure), page 4.</ref> The float gage emitted a signal by means of an electrical switch to the inlet valve, which was connected directly to the faucet and closed the water intake.<ref>Corporate Archives, C01-0095, Bosch Dishwashers 1985 (brochure), page 4.</ref> As a result, no more water came from the faucet and further supply of water was shut off immediately. The float gage also activated the lye pump.<ref>Corporate Archives, C01-0095, Bosch Dishwashers 1986 (brochure), page 3.</ref> The risk that the inner hose would explode was thus already reduced significantly.<ref>Corporate Archives, C01-0095, Bosch Dishwashers 1986 (brochure), page 3.</ref> All protection functions were independent of the power source and thus operated even if the machine was switched off, since the inlet valve was connected to the faucet without delivery of current.<ref>Corporate Archives, C01-0095, Bosch Dishwashers 1985 (brochure), page 4.</ref>

The system was tested by TUV and test institutes on behalf of the insurance industry and found to be safe for use.<ref>Stickel: Spülchronik, page 114.</ref> WASA was registered with the patent office in 1980, with BSH receiving the patent two years later.<ref>Stickel: Spülchronik, page 115.</ref>
[[File:1985 Aqua Stop aus Bosch Katalog 1990.jpg|thumb|Bosch's Aqua Stop logo. (Source:BSH Corporate Archives)]]

===== The boss puts his foot down =====
It was another three years before the innovation was launched on the market in 1985 and integrated in the BSH appliances – first in the dishwashers and then later also in the washing machines.<ref>Stickel: Spülchronik, page 115. Corporate Archives, A05-0008, inform 1985/1, page 1.</ref> This was because of critical voices within BSH. The feeling in many departments was initially that the technology was too expensive or would create the impression among customers that the BSH appliances were faulty. Finally, the then CEO Helmut Plettner put WASA to the top of the list of priorities. The newly developed automatic system was now also given an international name: AquaStop. A somewhat more cautious approach was taken to begin with, and only some of the machines were fitted with the new technology. But it quickly transpired that there was great demand for the new technology.

===== BSH gives life-long AquaStop guarantee =====
AquaStop was so secure that BSH publicly committed in 1987: "Should AquaStop break down contrary to expectations, the Bosch, Siemens and Constructa brands will assume liability for any losses incurred."<ref>Corporate Archives, A05-0010, inform 1987/3, page 9.</ref> And this guarantee applied for the entire service life of the appliance.

Other manufacturers attempted to challenge BSH's AquaStop patent. Agreement was reached on a manufacturing license on payment of licensing fees, making AquaStop a complete success from this financial perspective too.<ref>Stickel: Spülchronik, page 115.</ref>

Even today, AquaStop has not lost any of its significance in terms of protecting against water damage – following its market launch the system quickly became an industry standard for dishwashers, washing machines and more recently also fully automatic coffee machines and continuous flow heaters.

== Notes ==